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Fada'iyan-e Islam
Fadā'iyān-e Islam ((ペルシア語:فدائیان اسلام), also spelled as ''Fadayan-e Islam'' or in English "Fedayeen of Islam" or "Devotees of Islam"), was an Iranian Islamic fundamentalist terrorist〔FEDĀʾĪĀN-E ESLĀM. (1999). In Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved from http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/fedaian-e-esla ''The Fedāʾīān’s importance in Persian politics was due to several related factors. First, they were exceptionally successful as a terrorist organization''〕〔(Iran: between tradition and modernity By Ramin Jahanbegloo )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】format=PDF )〕 secret society, founded in 1946 by a 21-year-old theology student named Navvab Safavi. Safavi sought to purify Islam in Iran by ridding it of 'corrupting individuals' by means of carefully planned assassinations of certain leading intellectual and political figures.〔Taheri, ''The Spirit of Allah'', (1985), p. 98〕 After a series of successful killings and the freeing of some of its assassins from punishment with the help of the group's powerful clerical supporters, the group was suppressed and Safavi executed by the Iranian government in the mid-1950s. The group survived as supporters of the Ayatollah Khomeini and the Islamic Revolution of Iran.
==Background==
The group was part of a "growing nationalist mobilization against foreign domination" in the Middle East after World War II, and has been said to presage more famous Islamist terrorist groups.〔(Fundamentalist Islam at Large: The Drive for Power ) by Martin Kramer, ''Middle East Quarterly,'' June 1996〕 Its membership is said to have been made up of youth employed in "the lower echelons of the Tehran bazaar." Its program went beyond generalities about following the sharia to demand prohibitions of alcohol, tobacco, opium, films, gambling, wearing of foreign clothing, the enforcement of amputation of hands of thieves, and the veiling of women, and an elimination from school curriculum of all non-Muslim subjects such as music.〔Abrahamian, Ervand ''Iran between Two Revolutions'', Princeton University Press, 1982, p. 259〕
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